• Here we show that lactate activates the Gi coupled

  2022-01-29

  

  Here we show that lactate activates the Gi-coupled receptor GPR81, which is exclusively expressed on adipocytes, and that lactate released from adipocytes in response to glucose and insulin mediates insulin-induced antilipolysis by activation of GPR81. Results Discussion Nutrients and their m

• Our aim was to gain insight into mechanisms that underlie

  2022-01-29

  

  Our aim was to gain insight into mechanisms that underlie the contribution of thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) to progression of CKD. TSP1 is the most-studied member of the thrombospondin family of matricellular proteins. Previous studies have demonstrated that pharmacological suppression or genetic depletio

• Through the analysis of various synthetic GPR

  2022-01-29

  

  Through the analysis of various synthetic GPR40 agonists as reported in literature, we found that a number of these compounds contained a phenylpropanoic hydrobromide synthesis motif which was inspired from naturally occurring medium to long chain fatty acids. For instance, in the early period of di

• Assuming thus a positive signal for both GLUT and GLUT

  2022-01-29

  

  Assuming thus a positive signal for both GLUT1 and GLUT3 in our conditions, a more detailed explanation of the results observed through immunocytochemistry is needed. In this way, it must be reminded that syncytiotrophoblasts compose the outer layer of the trophoblast, are in direct contact with mat

• Accordingly it is tempting to speculate

  2022-01-29

  

  Accordingly, it is tempting to speculate that the maintenance of a stimulus representation in the A2 state for a short period of time after the presentation of a specific stimulus (i.e. self-generated priming) may rely upon GluR-A-dependent synaptic plasticity. If this were the case, GluR-A ubiquiti

• br Presenilins in protein trafficking proteolysis and degrad

  2022-01-29

  

  Presenilins in protein trafficking, proteolysis and degradation An obvious explanation for the role of presenilins and γ-secretase in protein trafficking and degradation is that many reported γ-secretase substrates are functionally involved in protein transport. For example, members of the mammal

• br Results and discussion GSTP

  2022-01-28

  

  Results and discussion GSTP1 is a Phase II cytoprotective and detoxifying enzyme. Due to its role in the detoxification of numerous endogenous and exogenous chemical agents (with electrophilic functional groups), individuals with Ile105Val mutation in this gene show enhanced risk of atopic disord

• The present studies show that despite the high level of

  2022-01-28

  

  The present studies show that, despite the high level of GSTP1-1 achieved in transfected cells, GSTP1-1 expression has no effect on sensitivities to the cytotoxicities of the oxazaphosphorines 4-OH-CP, 4-OOH-CP, and maf in MCF7 Z-DQMD-FMK (Fig. 4). The failure of GSTP1-1 to augment resistance indic

• Some biguanides can cross the mitochondrial membrane and

  2022-01-28

  

  Some biguanides can cross the mitochondrial membrane and increase L-lactate formation by inhibiting oxidative ampk pathway [34]. On the other hand, it has also been reported that levels of fasting plasma lactate in T2DM patients are similar regardless of whether or not metformin is administered [35

• The hypothesis that genes involved in type diabetes evolved

  2022-01-28

  

  The hypothesis that genes involved in type 2 diabetes evolved under changing selective pressures and may carry the signature of natural selection motivated us to describe patterns of sequence variation at CAPN10 and GPR35 in human populations. An initial population genetics study reported an unusual

• In recent years several DPP IV inhibitors

  2022-01-28

  

  In recent years, several DPP-IV inhibitors have already been approved, such as sitagliptin, vildagliptin, saxagliptin, tenegliptin, alogliptin and linagliptin, etc. Among them, linagliptin (1, Fig. 1) is a non-peptide mimetic Cytochalasin J receptor with a unique xanthine scaffold developed through

• For a long time the mechanism for the

  2022-01-28

  

  For a long time, the mechanism for the TG-lowering effect of nicotinic troglitazone has been thought that the lowered NEFA substrate from adipose tissue limits TG production from the liver (so-called NEFA hypothesis) [[1], [2], [3], [4]]. However, recent emerging evidences have suggested the involve

• Xie et al b reported

  2022-01-28

  

  Xie et al. (2009b) reported that the combination of diagnostic ultrasound impulses and cyclic RGD-bearing MBs targeted for GP IIb/IIIa resulted in the successful recovery of epicardial and microvascular blood flow in swine models with acute thrombotic occlusion. It is well known that the stability o

• br Results br Discussion Immune mediated chronic inflammator

  2022-01-27

  

  Results Discussion Immune-mediated chronic inflammatory diseases (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, and inflammatory bowel disease) are characterized by a dysregulated migration of leukocytes from blood vessels into inflamed tissues. To date, several new targets and inh

• Misoprostol br Acknowledgments We apologize for the omission

  2022-01-27

  

  Acknowledgments We apologize for the omission of primary citations owing to space limitations. This work was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (81772801 and 81472455 to C.D.), the Key Program of Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation (LZ17H160002 to C.D

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