• The only psychostimulant treatment option in Turkey is methy

  2024-01-24

  

  The only psychostimulant treatment option in Turkey is methylphenidate (Çetin et al., 2015). It is broken down by carboxylase enzyme (CES1) (Sun et al., 2004). From the point of pharmacokinetics, it may be suggested that CES1 gene polymorphisms may be the key responsible factors in patients resistan

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction Within the classical secr

  2024-01-24

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Within the classical secretory pathway, transmembrane and soluble cargos travel via the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus en route to their final destinations [1]. However, at a post-Golgi level, trafficking routes can diverge. In this context, the tra

• br Introduction Adenosine deaminase ADA which can catalyze t

  2024-01-23

  

  Introduction Adenosine deaminase (ADA), which can catalyze the conversion of AD to inosine by removing an amino group, is a key hydrolytic enzyme of purine metabolism (Conway and Cooke, 1939), and plays an important role in an amount of diseases. For example, an increase of ADA activity in serum

• Search sphere This sphere includes the acetylcholine binding

  2024-01-23

  

  Search sphere 1: This sphere includes the THZ531 binding site between the α–γ subunits. The center point of the search area was located at x=35.26, y=77.67, z=137.74 and the initial search radius was set to 27Å which assures that the corresponding area outside the channel pore of the two subunits w

• Peptone br Expression of autotaxin in

  2024-01-23

  

  Expression of autotaxin in cancer Autotaxin (ATX) is a member of the family of NPPs (Nucleotides pyrophosphatases phosphodiesterases (NPP) family with a unique lysophospholipase D (lysoPLD) activity, allowing the synthesis of LPA from lysophospholipid precursors such as the lysophosphatidylcholin

• pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase br Autophagy in cancer br

  2024-01-23

  

  Autophagy in cancer Phytochemicals as a valuable source of autophagy modulation agents Epidemiological studies demonstrated that there is a strong association between diet and human cancer mortality so that daily consumption of phytochemicals declines the incidence of different types of cancer

• Herbal medicines have been used to treat various types of

  2024-01-23

  

  Herbal medicines have been used to treat various types of diseases and disorders for thousands of years worldwide (Li and Brown, 2009). Natural products have been the remedy of cancer chemotherapy for the past several decades. Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze. (Labiatae), commonly known as 'yu-chen-tsa

• br Conflicts of interest br Financial

  2024-01-23

  

  Conflicts of interest Financial support This work was supported by grants from the Fondazione Cariplo [Grant number 2011-0463] (Carini); and by Funds for Original Research of the Università del Piemonte Orientale (2016, Project: Carini-Boldorini). The sponsors had no involvement in study desig

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Pulmonary

  2024-01-23

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and chronic lung disease and its typical features include R788 disodium proliferation, epithelial injury, chronic interstitial inflammation, increased extracellular matrix (ECM) production, and collapse of alveoli

• br Acknowledgments This work was supported by a

  2024-01-23

  

  Acknowledgments This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research, CNCS – UEFISCDI, project no. PN-II-ID-PCE-2011-3-0571, awarded to F.A.M. D.V.N. was co-financed from the European Social Fund through Sectorial Operational Program Human Resources Develo

• A large number of aldose reductase

  2024-01-22

  

  A large number of aldose reductase inhibitors have been prepared synthetically, and a limited number of them are therapeutically used. However, none of them is satisfactory. Here, Cannabis extracts with high content of non-psychotropic phytocannabinoids CBD/CBDA or CBG/CBGA showed statistically sign

• The binding of TQ to hsALDH changes the characteristic absor

  2024-01-22

  

  The binding of TQ to hsALDH changes the characteristic S63845 spectrum of the enzyme. Therefore, TQ forms a complex with hsALDH and changes its absorption properties [39]. Ksv and Kb values indicate that the binding of TQ to hsALDH is very strong and of the order of static binding (complex formatio

• Moreover an increase of extracellular calcium

  2024-01-22

  

  Moreover, an increase of extracellular calcium stimulates BMP-2 expression of pulp metabotropic glutamate receptor via L-type calcium channel and ERK signaling, which can be attenuated by PD98059 and nifedipine . Dental pulp cells expressed little calcium-sensing receptors . immunohistochemistry s

• Oxidative stress has recently been

  2024-01-22

  

  Oxidative stress has recently been reported as one of the important mechanisms of toxic effect of Cd2+[43]. The mechanism of Cd2+-induced oxidative stress involves an imbalance between generation and removal of ROS in tissues and cellular components, causing damage to membranes, DNA, and proteins [4

• br Introduction In myasthenia gravis

  2024-01-22

  

  Introduction In myasthenia gravis (MG), autoantibodies against the native AChR conformation cause loss of AChR at the neuromuscular junction and fatigable muscle weakness (Newsom-Davis et al., 1993). The AChR is a pentameric transmembrane protein, with two splice forms of the α-subunit, P3A− and

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