• br Introduction Our ability to

  2024-02-18

  

  Introduction Our ability to see our surrounding relies directly on the integrity of the anatomical structures composing our eyes. One of these key components is the cornea, consisting of the outer layer of the eye. Its transparency is crucial for light transmission to the retina and allows prope

• br Conclusions br Acknowledgments The authors

  2024-02-18

  

  Conclusions Acknowledgments The authors are thankful to Hugo Santos, Olga Martinez and Ricardo Lacerda for the technical assistance provided in the maintenance of the aquaria. This work was supported by national funds, through FCT and co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)

• br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgements We would like to

  2024-02-18

  

  Conflict of interest Acknowledgements We would like to thank Editage (www.editage.jp) for English language editing. This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant Number 24592576. Co-existence of β- and β-adrenergic recept

• br Conclusions br Funding br Acknowledgements and Disclosure

  2024-02-18

  

  Conclusions Funding Acknowledgements and Disclosures We would like to thank veterinarian Angelina Williams and assistants Justin Courson, Ashutosh Jnawali, Mythri Puella, Santoshi Ramachandran, and Zhihui She for support during dissections. We also thank Drs. Vallabh Das, Deborah Otteson an

• Indanone and its analogues are

  2024-02-18

  

  1-Indanone and its analogues are useful intermediates for the synthesis of compounds some of which have applications as pharmaceuticals, especially as analgesic and antihypertensive as well as tobacco flavoring agents. Indanones are commonly used as starting agent for the synthesis of ninhydrin whic

• Eicosanoids are locally acting signaling lipids that

  2024-02-18

  

  Eicosanoids are locally acting signaling lipids that are produced from C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including arachidonic calcitonin receptor (AA, C20:4), eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5) and eicosatrienoic acid (C20:3) (Dennis and Norris, 2015; Funk, 2001; Stables and Gilroy, 2011). Accor

• br Experimental procedure br Introduction Migraine is a

  2024-02-18

  

  Experimental procedure Introduction Migraine is a debilitating neurovascular disorder characterized by recurring unilateral pulsating headaches of moderate to severe intensity, associated with nausea, photophobia and/or phonophobia, lasting from 4 to 72 h (Headache Classification Committee of

• br Acknowledgements br Introduction Thus damage to the nervo

  2024-02-18

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction Thus, damage to the Asiatic acid may produce severe consequences (National Research Council, 1992). Indeed, though the nervous system has several compensatory and adaptive mechanisms, it is vulnerable to toxic insult, due to its inability to regenerate after leth

• Pompe disease is accompanied by the deficiency of the

  2024-02-18

  

  Pompe disease is accompanied by the deficiency of the lysosomal α-1,4-glucosidase that makes the OSI-930 unable to hydrolyze glycogen to glucose, thereby resulting in the accumulation of glycogen in lysosomes, especially in skeletal muscles and cardiac tissues. This accumulation results in the stru

• br Results br Discussion br Conclusion The flux

  2024-02-18

  

  Results Discussion Conclusion The flux of glucose into cytosolic short chain acyl-CoAs was maintained in pure beta carbenoxolone in the presence of inhibition of ATP citrate lyase with hydroxycitrate and also in a cell line with >90% ATP citrate lyase knockdown suggesting that a pathway ot

• Several studies have demonstrated that depletion of

  2024-02-18

  

  Several studies have demonstrated that depletion of functional ATR increases the sensitivity of cancer cells to oncogene-induced replication stress thereby hindering tumour growth and inducing extensive cell death (Gilad et al., 2010, Murga et al., 2011, Schoppy et al., 2012). Importantly, Schoppy e

• br The role of apelin in

  2024-02-18

  

  The role of apelin in hepatic diseases The involvement of the apelin/APJ system in liver physiology and pathology has been proven in numerous studies (Table 6). For instance, in the experiment of Emam et al. [63] on rats suffering from hepatic injury, apelin decreased the levels of ALT, AST and L

• enzastaurin br Apelin Discovered in apelin was initially ide

  2024-02-18

  

  Apelin Discovered in 1998, apelin was initially identified as the sole endogenous ligand for the APJ receptor (Tatemoto et al., 1998). Apelin-77 (pre-pro-apelin) is the precursor for various pharmacologically active apelin isoforms (e.g. apelin-12, -13, -17 and 36), and it shares 75–95% sequence

• Dopaminergic neurons are vulnerable to oxidative products an

  2024-02-18

  

  Dopaminergic neurons are vulnerable to oxidative products and inflammatory responses; these processes may play important roles in the etiology of PD. Because glial GDC-0941 are the main generators of inflammatory responses in the CNS, the possibility that PD results from glial cell dysfunction must

• Cancer stem cells CSCs may have been first

  2024-02-14

  

  Cancer stem cells (CSCs) may have been first identified in teratocarcinomas [11], [12], with its initial clues date back to the 19th century [13]. Kleinsmith and Pierce [12] established the immortal pluripotent teratocarcinoma lines from a single transplanted multi-potent malignant cell, strongly su

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