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br AChE variants and their functions The AChE gene generates
2024-08-12

AChE variants and their functions The AChE gene generates several splice variants of AChE which are designated as hydrophobic (H), readthrough (R) and tailed (T) forms differing in membrane association and also localisation on a tissue and sub-cellular level. They all undergo significant posttran
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Further evidence for ACh GABA cotransmission had also
2024-08-12

Further evidence for ACh/GABA cotransmission had also been observed in the cortex. Extensive axonal arborization from cholinergic BF neurons exists throughout the cortical layers, allowing direct observation of cholinergic synaptic terminals. One study in the visual cortex of cat examined immunolab
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These anatomical studies were followed by the
2024-08-09

These anatomical studies were followed by the first functional MRI studies of auditory processing in songbirds that were performed in starlings (Van Meir et al., 2005; De Groof et al., 2017; De Groof et al., 2013b) and in zebra finches (Boumans et al., 2008a; Boumans et al., 2007; Boumans et al., 20
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Our previous studies and others have
2024-08-09

Our previous studies and others have identified that the inhalational anesthetic isoflurane induces neuronal apoptosis via [Ca2+]i overload through the opening of synaptic voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs) and the excessive Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (Zhao et al., 2011; Zha
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Mechanistically it was soon realized
2024-08-09

Mechanistically, it was soon realized that in undead cells, Dronc promotes the activation of Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling as the major inducer of AiP [25], [28] (Fig. 2B,C). However, it has been unknown for a long time how active Dronc promotes JNK signaling. Recently, it was reported that
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The proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines including IL
2024-08-09

The proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including IL-1β, TNF-α and MCP-1, mediate acute and chronic inflammation and play a role in the development of hypertension [2, [51], [52], [53]], cardiovascular diseases [4, 54] and renal injury [55, 56] in animal models and humans. Concerning the possi
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It was reported that oral administration of CSZ to
2024-08-09

It was reported that oral administration of CSZ to C57BL/6J mice significantly improved spatial learning and memory, and prevented Aβ-induced immunoresponse in Aβ25-35-injected mice. However, post-treatment with CSZ after Aβ25-35 administration, when Aβ was already accumulated, did not prevent Aβ-in
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Recent work has detailed the impact of
2024-08-09

Recent work has detailed the impact of genetic lipoxygenase of AMPK in the liver, revealing only minor phenotypes upon removal in mice (Boudaba et al., 2018). However, these studies very elegantly showed the potential for small molecule-mediated activation of AMPK to elicit large changes in lipid m
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br Serine glycine and one carbon metabolism Altered serine m
2024-08-09

Serine/glycine and one-carbon metabolism Altered serine metabolism in tumors was noted nearly half a century ago, and elevated flux through the de novo serine synthesis pathway (SSP) is a common phenomenon in cancer Neuromedin B [43]. The SSP branches from glycolysis at the point of 3-phosphogly
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br Depletion of serum amino acids Currently the only antican
2024-08-09

Depletion of serum amino acids Currently, the only anticancer agents that directly target amino pilocarpine hydrochloride mg metabolism are bacterial l-asparaginases (from Escherichia coli and Erwinia chrysanthemi), which are FDA-approved for treatment of pediatric and adult ALL. A potential com
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About this report Alzheimer s Disease
2024-08-09

About this report 2018 Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures is a statistical resource for U.S. data related to Alzheimer's disease, the most common cause of dementia. Background and context for interpreting the data are contained in the Overview. Additional sections address prevalence, mortality a
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A large number of aldose reductase inhibitors have been prep
2024-08-09

A large number of aldose reductase inhibitors have been prepared synthetically, and a limited number of them are therapeutically used. However, none of them is satisfactory. Here, Cannabis extracts with high content of non-psychotropic phytocannabinoids CBD/CBDA or CBG/CBGA showed statistically sign
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Our previous work fails to show any
2024-08-09

Our previous work fails to show any maternal effect with blockade of 5-HT2A receptor, as acute and repeated treatment of MDL100907 does not alter maternal behavior at the behaviorally active doses (Chen et al., 2014). In the present study, MDL100907 pretreatment attenuated the maternal disruptive ef
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A key step in the ADAR reaction
2024-08-08

A key step in the ADAR reaction is the formation of the adenosine covalent hydrate with a tetrahedral center at C6. The nucleoside analog 8-azanebularine (box in Fig. 6), with its relatively high propensity to form a covalent hydrate, is useful as an adenosine replacement in ADAR2 substrates to trap
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Cofilin is an additional actin severing protein present in
2024-08-08

Cofilin is an additional Ezatiostat hydrochloride severing protein present in sperm cells that undergo phosphorylation/inactivation on serine 3 by Lim kinases (LIMK) and by Tes kinases (TESK) [48]. LIMK can be activated by several pathways, including one through the Rho/ROCK/LIMK cascade [49], [50],
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