• br Structure of V ATPase V ATPase is

  2024-08-22

  

  Structure of V-ATPase V-ATPase is a highly conserved multi-subunit enzyme that uses energy from ATP hydrolysis to transport protons across membranes [2], [3], [4]. It consists of two major functional domains, V1 and V0 (Fig. 1). The former has eight different subunits (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H)

• br Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad related as a therapeutic ta

  2024-08-22

  

  Ataxia–telangiectasia and Rad3 related as a therapeutic target Several concerns revolving around functional inhibition of ATR have hindered the exploitation of ATR as therapeutic target in cancer therapy and delayed the development of specific ATR kinase inhibitors. It was anticipated that pharma

• br Experimental Procedures br Acknowledgments This work was

  2024-08-22

  

  Experimental Procedures Acknowledgments This work was supported by NIH/National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)R00 HG006922 and NIH/NHGRIR01 HG008974 (to J.G.), the Huntsman Cancer Institute, and the Women’s Cancers Disease-Oriented Team at the Huntsman Cancer Institute. Research repor

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Because th

  2024-08-22

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Because the Ser/Thr kinase domain of LRRK2 is homologous to that of other MLK family proteins belonging to the MAP3K superfamily, LRRK2 is suggested to be involved in MAPK signaling and activation of neuronal cell death by phosphorylating its downstr

• br Dysregulated aromatase expression the link between obesit

  2024-08-22

  

  Dysregulated aromatase expression: the link between obesity and breast cancer Obesity has been associated with abnormally high expression of the enzyme aromatase in the breast, influencing the local production and bioavailability of estrogens (Morris et al, 2011, Subbaramaiah et al, 2012). Bowers

• Expression subcellular localization transcriptional activity

  2024-08-22

  

  Expression, subcellular localization, transcriptional activity and protein stability of Foxo are regulated by proteins such as STAT3, PKB, JNK and AMPK (Sun et al., 2017; Zhang et al., 2011). STAT3 is a member of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) protein family that plays c

• Apelin is involved in various physiological functions

  2024-08-22

  

  Apelin is involved in various physiological functions, including Abiraterone contraction (Ashley et al., 2005), vasodilatation (Jia et al., 2007), feeding control (Valle et al., 2008), and metabolic homeostasis (Higuchi et al., 2007, Dray et al., 2008, Attane et al., 2010). Its plasma level is elev

• Coincident with APJ receptor several cell types in the

  2024-08-22

  

  Coincident with APJ receptor, several cell types in the body can synthesize apelin protein. For example, the highest apelin concentrations in the body have been found in the rat central nervous system, pituitary gland, lungs, cardiac muscle, gastrointestinal tract and mammary glands, with lower valu

• br Materials and Methods br Results br Discussion

  2024-08-22

  

  Materials and Methods Results Discussion XHP is a traditional Chinese anti-cancer medicine that is widely used for the treatment and adjuvant treatment of breast cancer. XHP has been shown to induce apoptosis in various breast cancer GSK2578215A in vitro, including Hs578T, MCF-7, and MDA-MB

• AP activity is increased by MAP kinase stimulation in

  2024-08-22

  

  AP-1 activity is increased by MAP kinase stimulation in different cell types (Whitmarsh and Davis, 1996), while MKP-1, the enzyme that catalyzes the dephosphorylation and inactivation of MAP kinases in the nucleus, inhibits AP-1 (Rössler et al., 2008, Rössler and Thiel, 2009, Mayer et al., 2011, Thi

• This progressive behaviour is summarized in Fig which depict

  2024-08-22

  

  This progressive behaviour is summarized in Fig. 4, which depicts the variation in convexity of the obtained cut-off patterns for the series of six antioxidants. The form and degree of convexity of the obtained cut-off curves should in principle correlate with the AOs hydrophobicities, and therefor

• Akt is another upstream kinase known to phosphorylate AMPK S

  2024-08-21

  

  Akt is another upstream kinase known to phosphorylate AMPK Ser489 in response to high insulin levels [7], [21]. HepG2 20187 show an increase in phosphorylation of AMPK at Ser485 when incubated with either insulin or troglitazone individually (Fig. 5A and C). Despite this concurrent increase, only ce

• br Material and methods br Results br Discussion Aminopeptid

  2024-08-21

  

  Material and methods Results Discussion Aminopeptidase N is a transmembrane protease present in a wide variety of human tissues and cell types (endothelial, epithelial, fibroblast, leukocyte). APN expression is dysregulated in inflammatory diseases as well as in solid and hematologic tumors

• In this report we introduce a new method for identifying

  2024-08-21

  

  In this report, we introduce a new method for identifying aminopeptidases. Because single substrates can be insufficient for enzyme identification, we used an entire library of substrates to obtain more information about enzyme activity and to directly detect aminopeptidases. Moreover, substrates ca

• The role of the adaptive immune response in AD

  2024-08-21

  

  The role of the adaptive immune response in AD is not fully understood and previous studies are controversial. In this context, serum levels of T and B lymphocytes were found to be reduced in AD patients, suggesting a decline of the immune response during the course of the disease (Richartz-Salzburg

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